Branding colors: everything you need to choose your brand’s color palette

Estimated reading time: 15 minutes

Ever noticed how Chase, Citibank and Bank of America all use blue? That’s no coincidence; they understand how powerful color psychology can be. Even other financial institutions like Prudential and Merrill Lynch use blue. These money-related companies all chose the same color for their brand identity. So what do they all know that you don’t?

Image of assorted blue logos from famous and trusted brands.

Blue is widely associated with trust and reliability, which is why many financial brands use it. 

The short answer is they know how to combine color theory and meaning with business. When building a brand, you need to understand how to use all the tools at your disposal, and that’s just what we’re going to discuss today.

“[Because] they’re often the first thing people notice when they come across your brand, you have to make this first impression count. Colours become a powerful way to help build memorability for your brand’s personality and tone.“

— Mary Pho, Art Director at VistaPrint

In this article, we’ll run through everything you need to know about branding colors. We’ll touch on concepts from artistic disciplines—like color theory and art history—and merge them with the best practices for branding, marketing and what a company needs to survive in today’s business landscape. But first things first, you need to understand just why branding colors matter so much.

Why brand colors matter

Different branding colors shown in a rainbow of different logos.

“Colors, like features, follow the changes of the emotions.” – Pablo Picasso. At VistaPrint, we see this every day when helping small businesses choose color palettes that spark emotional connection and customer trust.

What do you think of when you hear the word “love?” Whether positive or negative, it most likely conjures a stronger emotional response than when you hear a phrase like “bike rack.”

Emotions are powerful and (whether we like it or not) drive our decision-making. As a small business, you want your customers to feel something when they see your brand. The problem is you can’t tell your company’s entire life story in a logo or storefront—but branding colors provide a shortcut straight to your customers’ hearts.

One of the most famous color theorists, Faber Birren, wrote extensively on the link between colors and our emotional state, particularly in his book Color Psychology and Color Therapy. Just like the words “love” and “bike rack” elicit different emotions, colors like red and blue both create different human responses as well. Even more interesting, the same colors tend to provoke similar responses in different people; in other words, yellow evokes similar feelings in people from Montana to Timbuktu. This extends even to shades of individual colors, so deep dark blue and light sky blue will also have different effects.

Page from A New Practical Treatise on the Three Primitive Colours Assumed as a Perfect System of Rudimentary Information by Charles Hayter.

Color theory is intrinsically tied to mankind’s history, as you can see from the page in an 1826 manuscript by Charles Hayter.

Color theory goes a lot deeper than “pink is a pretty color.” Psychologists link it to the very evolution of humans; connections with certain colors developed after years of associating them with particular objects. A blood red, for example, puts people on alert for danger nearby; the browns of dirt and rotten food tend to be unappetizing.

This isn’t always accurate—after all, farmers (and chocolate lovers) might love the color brown, but when considering millions of years of biological conditioning, it’s easy to see how affiliations to colors go beyond mere preference… something humanity has known for quite some time now.

And let’s not forget the cultural associations. A clear example is the way Americans associate green with money because the currency is the color green. People from other countries wouldn’t necessarily understand the phrase “spending greens,” but a company “going green,” however, would resonate with most people.

There’s plenty of research to show that brand colors impact behavior. It’s not if they work, but how you make them work for you. With mountains of evidence, it’s not a question of ”Do brand colors work?” but rather “How do I make brand colors work for my business?” 

“Colour helps your brand gain instant recognition. It’s almost like having a familiar face in a crowd! Think McDonald’s iconic yellow and red, Tiffany’s blue and Starbucks’s green. Customers are almost always able to immediately identify the brand based on colour alone! So the more consistent your colours are across all your touchpoints, the more you’ll be able to stand out and stay top of mind.“

— Mary Pho, Art Director at VistaPrint

Here are a few standout examples of businesses that nailed their color schemes, boosting brand awareness and, ultimately, their bottom line thanks to a smartly chosen palette.

Businesses that nailed their brand colors 

Glossier

Glossier’s soft pink and white brand colors reflect simplicity and femininity. Source: Glossier branding colors from the Glossier Brand Book via Issuu

Source: Glossier branding colors from the Glossier Brand Book via Issuu

Colors: Pink and white

Glossier’s signature soft pink and white palette captivates young, modern women. Pink brings to mind youth, warmth and femininity, perfectly matching the brand’s minimalist beauty ethos. White serves as a clean canvas, showcasing the simplicity and purity of the products. Plus, this color combo is incredibly Instagrammable—a major win for appealing to a Gen Z audience.

Mailchimp

Mailchimp’s bright yellow adds friendliness and creativity to its branding.

Source: Mailchimp’s brand colors via Brand Color Code

Colors: Cavendish yellow and black

Mailchimp’s vibrant yellow stands out in the tech world, typically dominated by blues and grays. It conveys energy, optimism and a friendly vibe, perfectly matching the company’s mission to make marketing fun and accessible for small businesses. Black adds professionalism and contrast, keeping the brand credible and strong.

Aesop

Aesop’s neutral black, white and beige palette highlights its minimalist, natural aesthetic.

Source: Aesop’s color palette incorporated on the brand’s website via Dejimastudio

Colors: Neutral palette (black, white, beige)

Aesop’s minimalist, neutral palette reflects the brand’s commitment to high-quality, natural skincare ingredients. It evokes sophistication, purity and timeless elegance, appealing to a discerning clientele. 

Spotify

Spotify’s bright green with black and white accents reflects energy, growth and modern simplicity.

Source: Spotify’s brand color palette via Spotify for Developers

Colors: Green, black and white

Spotify’s unique green is refreshing and vibrant, making it stand out in tech and music streaming. It symbolizes growth, energy and youthfulness, aligning with the brand’s dynamic platform. Black adds a sleek touch, while white ensures clarity and simplicity. Its recognizable green has become an integral part of its brand palette across all touchpoints, from app interface to marketing.

Figma

Figma’s multicolored icons symbolize creativity, collaboration and design flexibility.

Source: Figma’s brand color palette via Figma

Colors: Black, green, red, blue and orange

Figma’s diverse palette represents creativity, flexibility and collaboration. Each color highlights different aspects of the design process, appealing to a wide range of designers. Bold, primary colors make the brand memorable and visually stimulating.

VistaPrint helps small businesses achieve the same consistency with their own color palettes, whether it’s on business cards, signage or branded apparel.

How to apply your brand colors consistently 

Using your brand colors across printed materials, packaging and digital assets helps customers instantly recognize your business. How consumers feel about a brand has more pull than what they think about a brand. Pair that with the fact that we know certain colors evoke certain emotions, and voila, your brand colors have the ability to impact your sales or performance even more than the products you offer. 

Repetition of the same color can strengthen brand awareness, too. When was the last time you saw a Coke can that wasn’t red? Given enough exposure, colors become part of a brand, so you want to encourage this association by using your brand colors consistently.

Just for the sake of organization, here are the most common areas you’ll be using your branding colors:

  • Logo
  • Website
  • Storefront
  • In-store design
  • Staff uniforms
  • Advertisements
Photograph of the interior of Best Buy.

Best Buy chooses a smart color scheme of a dominant blue and passive yellow, a complementary pair as we explain below. Blue carpets, blue walls, blue shirts for employees—one glance at this picture and you know you’re not in RadioShack.

By using the same colors in all your business ventures, you strengthen your brand’s association with those colors and, by extension, strengthen brand awareness as a whole.

What this all amounts to, at least for branding, is that you must choose your branding colors carefully, as they’ll have a direct influence on your brand identity. Pink may be your personal favorite color, but it might be the worst for your business goals. But before you even decide on the colors you want to represent your brand, you must first determine your ideal brand personality.

“The goal is to figure out the right colours to build the emotional connection that you want with your customers.”

— Mary Pho, Art Director at VistaPrint

How to choose brand colors based on your brand identity 

Before selecting your brand colors, it’s important to define your brand personality and audience. Red has done wonders for Target’s brand personality, which is energetic, youthful and loud. But red wouldn’t work for a company like Casper Mattresses, which cultivates a brand personality that’s calm and relaxed, denoting a good night’s sleep.

picture of spectrum of brand personality traits

Choosing your branding colors is easy if you know what you’re trying to communicate. One of the earliest steps in building a brand is determining your brand personality. Think of your brand like a person: Who are they, and what do they care about? VistaPrint’s Art Director, Mary Pho, believes “First things first, you need to determine your brand’s personality – who are you, what is your vibe and what do you want customers to think whenever they think of you? Once you’ve defined your brand persona, you can even play around testing different color palettes and seeing how people’s perceptions shift, since not all color meanings are universal. The goal is to figure out the right colours to build the emotional connection that you want with your customers.”

Once you establish what your brand personality goals are, how do you determine which colors will work best? It starts with learning the emotional associations of each color.

Brand color meanings: A quick list 

Here’s what some of the most common brand colors represent and how they can shape customer perception. We’ve put together a summary of brand color meanings and the effect that different branding colors can have on people:

colors and meanings infographic
  • Red: #E53935
  • Orange: #FB8C00
  • Yellow: #FDD835
  • Green: #43A047
  • Light Blue: #42A5F5
  • Dark Blue: #1E3A8A
  • Purple: #8E24AA
  • Pink: #EC407A
  • Brown: #6D4C41
  • White: #FFFFFF with border
  • Gray: #9E9E9E
  • Black: #000000

Keep in mind that the effect of your branding colors depends on the style and design they are used in, as well as the color combinations you choose. This is an abridged version; our connection to color goes a lot deeper than this—for example, too much yellow can actually cause overstimulation. 

When thinking of brand colors, consider their impact on your logo and vice versa and the meaning they convey. To help you choose the best colors for your brand, check out our video below on how to choose the perfect logo colors for your brand! 

If you’re going for a single-color brand, the hard part is already over. But for most of you, you’ll want a more involved color scheme with a variety of colors. As if choosing one color wasn’t hard enough, now you have to choose multiple colors and make sure they combine in the way you want.

Need some inspiration? Check out these stunning logo color combinations to inspire your brand colors!

Step-by-step, build your brand color palette

Obviously, there’s no one right way to pick your branding color scheme. When dealing with abstracts like brand identity, there aren’t any hard-and-fast rules, just smart ways to make the process easier. That said, the process can be daunting and confusing, so a little guidance is helpful. Here, we’re going to explain a process for building a color scheme that you can use more as a framework, and less as step-by-step instructions.

An illustration of multiple circles in a horizontal row demonstrating the steps of building a brand colour palette. The first circle says "brand personality traits" which then leads right to the next circle that says "Target customers" then the arrow points right to three faded circles in a row saying "color 1, 2, 3 respectively over faded question marks". The destination at the very right is a persona silhouette with the words "Your brand" written across it.

1. Plan on choosing 3 colors

Your base, accent and neutral color. Brand color schemes can have between one and four colors, depending on the type (see below). Even monochrome schemes, where there is only one color, require some variation in hues for different purposes and accents.

2. Choose your base

Of all your brand’s personality traits, which one is most important? Your base color should reflect not only your brand personality’s most dominant trait, but also appeal to the target audience you’re trying to reach. You’ll choose the remaining colors based on how well they match with this one.

3. Choose your accent

Your accent will be the color you use the most after your base color. This is a bit trickier than choosing your base color because there are more restrictions: Aside from matching a brand’s personality trait, your accent color must also visually pair with your base color and appeal to your audience.

4. Choosing your neutral

Your neutral color will most likely be a background color, something chosen to avoid attention. Typically, these are different shades of gray, but beige, white and off-whites work well too. Black is also an option, but be careful; it tends to dominate any color scheme it’s a part of.

An illustration of multiple icons in a horizontal row demonstrating the steps of building a brand colour palette. The first icon shows a Coors beer glass, which then leads right to the next icon/circle that shows a man's head in a construction helmet. Then the arrow points right to three color-themed circles in a row saying "Dark Blue, Gold, White" respectively over same color circles. The destination at the very right is a 6-pack of Coors cans

Classic Coors is an affordable beer that appeals to a more mature, masculine customer. The brand uses a dark blue to indicate maturity. The light yellow acts as a great contrast against the dark blue.

Throughout the process of choosing your branding colors, you have to keep in mind the end goal: What kind of color scheme are you using? Typically, brands use one of these common brand color schemes:

The main schemes for branding colors, shown on a color wheel.

When choosing branding colors, the color wheel is one of your greatest aids. The locations of colors to one another on the wheel.

  • Monochromatic: When you have one personality trait that you want to focus on, a monochrome scheme will emphasize the meaning of that one brand color. While great for minimalist brands, the challenge here is differentiating the hues and shades enough that your sight doesn’t become visually stunted.
  • Analogous: Colors next to each other on the color wheel have harmonious relations, since adjacent colors usually have similar emotional connotations. Analogous schemes are safe bets, but as such, not the best for standing out or drawing attention.
  • Complementary: Color complements—or opposites—are colors directly across from one another on the color wheel. Because they’re opposites, they bring out the best in each other when paired; you see complementary colors a lot in sports teams. Complementary color schemes are great for dynamic, stimulating visuals, but be careful of copying another brand since they’re so popular.
  • Triadic: A stable branding color scheme, triadic colors are drawn in equal parts for three different sections of the color wheel. Triadic schemes are stable like analogous themes, but offer a more stimulating variety like complementary schemes. The hardest part is getting the three colors to coincide with the traits of your brand identity.

How your branding colors combine will come up again and again in many different aspects of your business. Your brand color scheme determines the look of your website, logo, store design, advertisements, etc., and even trickles down into minor appearances like your social media account. So choose them all carefully.

If you’re not sure where to start, experiment with a color palette generator or create a custom palette using your favorite shades as inspiration. You can also test your colors on real products using VistaPrint’s Logomaker or custom business cards to see how they look in print.

A stylistic illustration of an artistic looking penguin in a red beret halfway through colourfully painting in the stripes of a larger zebra

by BATHI via 99designs by Vista.

Know when to color outside the lines 

Choosing colors for branding is part science, part intuition. While guides like this can help, your best palette will always come down to what feels authentic to your brand. Treat this article more as a rough guideline or an educational resource to help you make informed decisions about your small business. But above all, don’t neglect your instincts. The main consideration of colors is their emotional connection, so don’t neglect your own feelings when deciding on your brand colors. 

Want to see your brand colors in action? Try the VistaPrint Logomaker to test how your palette looks on real designs.

FAQs about brand colors

How many brand colors should I have?

Most businesses use three: a base, accent and neutral color. This ensures flexibility and consistency across all designs.

What’s the difference between primary and secondary colors?

Primary brand colors are the core of your visual identity, while secondary colors support and expand your palette for variety.

Can I change my brand colors later?

Yes, but do it strategically. Update all marketing materials at once to maintain consistency.

What’s the easiest way to create a brand color palette?

Try a color palette generator or VistaPrint’s Logomaker to experiment with combinations that match your style.

How can I make sure my brand colors print accurately?

Digital colors (RGB) can look slightly different when printed (CMYK), so always check your palette in both formats before finalizing designs. You can order a small print sample from VistaPrint to see how your brand colors appear on paper, fabric or signage before doing a full run.